时   间：2026年9月22日 14:30- 16:00

地   点：151amjs澳金沙门(中国)有限公司_amjs澳金沙门线路（节约楼）209

主讲人：Zohra Bouamra-Mechemache

报告摘要：Given the significant environmental impacts associated with animal-based food consumption, this paper compares the effects of various policy instruments targeting consumers to reduce those environmental externalities. We evaluate price-based instruments—specifically, excise taxes linked to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the removal of reduced value-added tax (VAT) rates—and contrast their environmental mitigation potential with policies that aim to change preferences for animal-based products. In order to take into account the structure of the food supply chain and firms’ price strategic decisions in the effectiveness of the policy instruments, we employ a structural econometric model of value chains. This model explicitly incorporates the market structures of food processing and retailing, as well as the interactions between these two stages. Using Kantar WorldPanel data on household-level purchases of branded animal-based products we first estimate consumption substitution patterns through a flexible random utility approach. We then estimate manufacturers and retailers’ gross margins using a Nash Bargaining model of vertical relationships. We show that the disaggregation of animal products leads to higher elasticity estimates and that retailer margins are greater than manufacturer margins in most cases. Those estimation results serve as a benchmark to simulate a range of policy scenarios —excise taxes, standard VAT rates, and preference-shifting interventions—targeting various categories of animal products, including beef, red meat, and all animal products. We show that tax instruments are overpassed on to consumers, thereby amplifying their environmental impact. Across all scenarios, food consumption’s environmental footprint is reduced; however, these gains come at the cost of consumer welfare and profit reductions for both manufacturers and especially retailers. Nonetheless, in scenarios involving excise taxes or a VAT increase limited to red meat, the environmental benefits can outweigh the associated economic losses, suggesting that such targeted fiscal policies can be both effective and welfare-enhancing from a societal perspective.

主讲人介绍：

Zohra Bouamra-Mechemache现任法国国家农业、食品与环境研究院（INRAE）研究主任、高级研究员及科学决策委员会成员，同时担任法国图卢兹经济学院（TSE）教授并领导食品经济研究组。她是农业与食品行业及相关经济学领域的世界知名学者，在AJAE、Food Policy、ERAE等国际顶刊发表论文数十篇并参著7本专著，曾任ERAE编委及欧洲农业经济协会（EAAE）主席团成员。在政策与智库领域，她的研究智慧在法国及欧盟国家农食行业的政策与机制设计中多有体现，并曾在《纽约时报》等全球知名媒体发声探讨环境政策。此外，她与金沙检测线路js69学者合作密切，其合作论文曾获刘诗白优秀科研成果二等奖。Bouamra-Mechemache教授还曾培养数十名博士毕业生，现在全球各地从事农业、食品及环境领域研究。